Nigeria
Practice Relating to Rule 38. Attacks against Cultural Property
Nigeria’s Operational Code of Conduct (1967) provides that, during military operations, all officers and men of the armed forces shall observe the rules whereby “no property, building, etc. will be destroyed maliciously”.
Nigeria’s Manual on the Laws of War states: “In an attack, steps must be taken to spare, as far as possible, buildings dedicated to public worship, art, science or charitable purposes and historic monuments.”
The manual qualifies “bombardment of … privileged buildings” as a war crime.