Italy
Practice Relating to Rule 145. Reprisals
Section B. Reasonable notice and measure of last resort
In its judgment in the
Hass and Priebke case in 1997, the Military Tribunal of Rome stated that, according to the unanimous views of writers, reprisals were legitimate only when they appeared as the only possible reaction because all possible means of identification and capture of the author of the unlawful act had been exhausted.
In its relevant parts, this judgment was confirmed by the Military Appeals Court and the Supreme Court of Cassation.