Соответствующая норма
France
Practice Relating to Rule 152. Command Responsibility for Orders to Commit War Crimes
France’s Disciplinary Regulations (1975), as amended, states that the commander “bears full responsibility for the orders given and for their execution, and is not relieved thereof by the responsibility borne by his subordinates”.
France, Règlement de Discipline Générale dans les Armées, Decree No. 75-675 of 28 July 1975, replacing Decree No. 66-749, completed by Decree of 11 October 1978, implemented by Instruction No. 52000/DEF/C/5 of 10 December 1979, and modified by Decree of 12 July 1982, Ministère de la Défense, Etat-Major de l’Armée de Terre, Bureau Emploi, Article 7; see also Manuel de droit des conflits armés, Ministère de la Défense, Direction des Affaires Juridiques, Sous-Direction du droit international humanitaire et du droit européen, Bureau du droit des conflits armés, 2001, p. 113.
France’s LOAC Manual (2001) provides:
Each individual is responsible for the violations of the law of armed conflicts for which he/she has made himself/herself guilty, whatever the circumstances may be … The commanders are responsible … for the acts they commit [themselves] and for the orders they give.
France, Manuel de droit des conflits armés, Ministère de la Défense, Direction des Affaires Juridiques, Sous-Direction du droit international humanitaire et du droit européen, Bureau du droit des conflits armés, 2001, p. 113.
France’s Code of Defence (2004), as amended in 2007, states: “The own responsibility of subordinates does not remove the responsibilities of their superiors.”
France, Code of Defence, 2004, as amended by Ordinance No. 2007-465 on 29 March 2007, Article L. 4122-1.
