Chad
Practice Relating to Rule 1. The Principle of Distinction between Civilians and Combatants
Chad’s Instructor’s Manual (2006) states that “a distinction must be made between civilians and … combatants”.
Chad’s Instructor’s Manual (2006) states: “Fighting may only be directed against enemy combatants.”
Chad’s Instructor’s Manual (2006) states that “attacking civilians (except if they are participating directly in the fighting and for the duration of that participation)” is prohibited.
The manual further states that “attacks on civilians” are a grave breach of the 1977 Additional Protocol I and thus a war crime.