Related Rule
Côte d’Ivoire
Practice Relating to Rule 107. Spies
Section A. Definition of spies
Côte d’Ivoire’s Teaching Manual (2007) provides in Book III, Volume 1 (Instruction of first-year trainee officers):
I.6. Spies
The law clearly defines spies: they are persons who, in a clandestine or disguised manner, i.e. without wearing the uniform of their armed forces, collect or try to collect information in the territory of the enemy in order to transmit it to the adversary.
Côte d’Ivoire, Droit de la guerre, Manuel d’instruction, Livre III, Tome 1: Instruction de l’élève officier d’active de 1ère année, Manuel de l’élève, Ministère de la Défense, Forces Armées Nationales, November 2007, p. 30; see also Droit de la guerre, Manuel d’instruction, Livre III, Tome 2: Instruction de l’élève officier d’active de 2ème année, Manuel de l’instructeur, Ministère de la Défense, Forces Armées Nationales, November 2007, p. 25.
In Book IV (Instruction of heads of division and company commanders), the Teaching Manual provides:
I.4.3. Spies
Espionage consists in collecting or trying to collect information on military strength by an act of false representation or an act deliberately of a clandestine nature. …
Members of the armed forces of a Party to the conflict who collect or try to collect the information while wearing the uniform of their armed forces are not considered as participants in activities of espionage.
Côte d’Ivoire, Droit de la guerre, Manuel d’instruction, Livre IV: Instruction du chef de section et du commandant de compagnie, Manuel de l’élève, Ministère de la Défense, Forces Armées Nationales, November 2007, p. 24.
