Nigeria’s Military Manual (1994) lists as one of the basic principles in the conduct of operations, every commander’s duty “to spare the civilian population, civilian persons and civilian objects”. The manual adds: “When planning action that could endanger civilian persons and objects therefore, care and precaution must be emphasised and exercised in the conduct of the war.” 

Nigeria’s Military Manual (1994) and Soldiers’ Code of Conduct state: “Civilian persons and objects must be spared.”