Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of
Practice Relating to Rule 37. Open Towns and Non-Defended Localities
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia’s Military Manual (1988) provides that the establishment of an open town requires agreement between the parties and restates the conditions contained in Article 16 of the 1956 New Delhi Draft Rules.
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia’s Military Manual (1988) contains provisions regarding the establishment of undefended areas, which mirror the conditions prescribed by the 1977 Additional Protocol I.
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia’s Military Manual (1988) prohibits attacks against open towns and non-defended localities.
Under the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia’s Penal Code (1976), as amended in 2001, “indiscriminate attacks on … non-defended localities” are a war crime.

In a footnote related to the “use of prohibited means of combat”, the Code further provides that “the following methods of combat are banned under international law: … bombing and other forms of attacks on non-defended towns, villages and other localities and buildings”.